Certification Problem                    
                
Input (COPS 682)
We consider the TRS containing the following rules:
| 
h(a,a) | 
→ | 
b | 
(1) | 
| b | 
→ | 
c | 
(2) | 
| 
f(f(h(b,a))) | 
→ | 
a | 
(3) | 
| a | 
→ | 
b | 
(4) | 
The underlying signature is as follows:
{h/2, a/0, b/0, c/0, f/1}Property / Task
Prove or disprove confluence.Answer / Result
No.Proof (by csi @ CoCo 2021)
1 Non-Joinable Fork
        The system is not confluent due to the following forking derivations.  
        
| t0
 | 
= | 
f(f(h(b,a))) | 
 | 
→
 | 
f(f(h(c,a))) | 
 | 
→
 | 
f(f(h(c,b))) | 
 | 
→
 | 
f(f(h(c,c))) | 
 | 
= | 
t3
 | 
| t0
 | 
= | 
f(f(h(b,a))) | 
 | 
→
 | 
a | 
 | 
→
 | 
b | 
 | 
→
 | 
c | 
 | 
= | 
t3
 | 
            
        The two resulting terms cannot be joined for the following reason:
        - When applying the cap-function on both terms (where variables may be treated like constants)
            then the resulting terms do not unify.