Certification Problem                    
                
Input (COPS 19)
We consider the TRS containing the following rules:
| 
g(a) | 
→ | 
f(g(a)) | 
(1) | 
| 
g(b) | 
→ | 
c | 
(2) | 
| a | 
→ | 
b | 
(3) | 
| 
f(x) | 
→ | 
h(x,x) | 
(4) | 
| 
h(x,y) | 
→ | 
c | 
(5) | 
The underlying signature is as follows:
{g/1, a/0, f/1, b/0, c/0, h/2}Property / Task
Prove or disprove confluence.Answer / Result
Yes.Proof (by csi @ CoCo 2021)
1 Redundant Rules Transformation
      To prove that the TRS is (non-)confluent, we show (non-)confluence of the following
      modified system:
      
| 
h(x,y) | 
→ | 
c | 
(5) | 
| 
f(x) | 
→ | 
h(x,x) | 
(4) | 
| a | 
→ | 
b | 
(3) | 
| 
g(b) | 
→ | 
c | 
(2) | 
| 
g(a) | 
→ | 
f(g(a)) | 
(1) | 
| 
f(x) | 
→ | 
c | 
(6) | 
| 
g(a) | 
→ | 
h(g(a),g(a)) | 
(7) | 
| 
g(a) | 
→ | 
f(g(b)) | 
(8) | 
| 
g(a) | 
→ | 
f(f(g(a))) | 
(9) | 
      All redundant rules that were added or removed can be
      simulated in 2 steps
      .
1.1 Critical Pair Closing System
Confluence is proven using the following terminating critical-pair-closing-system R:
| 
h(x,y) | 
→ | 
c | 
(5) | 
| 
g(b) | 
→ | 
c | 
(2) | 
| 
f(x) | 
→ | 
c | 
(6) | 
| 
f(x) | 
→ | 
h(x,x) | 
(4) | 
1.1.1 Rule Removal
      Using the
      linear polynomial interpretation over the naturals
| [c] | 
 =  | 
0 | 
| [g(x1)] | 
 =  | 
1 · x1 + 1 | 
| [b] | 
 =  | 
3 | 
| [h(x1, x2)] | 
 =  | 
4 · x1 + 2 · x2 + 0 | 
| [f(x1)] | 
 =  | 
6 · x1 + 0 | 
                
      all of the following rules can be deleted.  
      
1.1.1.1 Rule Removal
      Using the
      linear polynomial interpretation over the naturals
| [c] | 
 =  | 
0 | 
| [h(x1, x2)] | 
 =  | 
2 · x1 + 2 · x2 + 0 | 
| [f(x1)] | 
 =  | 
6 · x1 + 2 | 
                
      all of the following rules can be deleted.  
      
| 
f(x) | 
→ | 
c | 
(6) | 
| 
f(x) | 
→ | 
h(x,x) | 
(4) | 
1.1.1.1.1 Rule Removal
      Using the
      linear polynomial interpretation over the naturals
| [c] | 
 =  | 
0 | 
| [h(x1, x2)] | 
 =  | 
4 · x1 + 4 · x2 + 2 | 
                
      all of the following rules can be deleted.  
      1.1.1.1.1.1 R is empty 
There are no rules in the TRS. Hence, it is terminating.