Certification Problem

Input (COPS 960)

We consider the TRS containing the following rules:

a(x) x (1)
a(b(x)) c(b(b(a(a(x))))) (2)
b(x) c(x) (3)
c(c(x)) x (4)

The underlying signature is as follows:

{a/1, b/1, c/1}

Property / Task

Prove or disprove confluence.

Answer / Result

Yes.

Proof (by csi @ CoCo 2021)

1 Redundant Rules Transformation

To prove that the TRS is (non-)confluent, we show (non-)confluence of the following modified system:

c(c(x)) x (4)
b(x) c(x) (3)
a(b(x)) c(b(b(a(a(x))))) (2)
a(x) x (1)
a(b(x)) c(b(c(a(a(x))))) (5)
a(b(x)) c(c(b(a(a(x))))) (6)
a(b(x)) c(b(b(a(x)))) (7)

All redundant rules that were added or removed can be simulated in 2 steps .

1.1 Critical Pair Closing System

Confluence is proven using the following terminating critical-pair-closing-system R:

a(x) x (1)
b(x) c(x) (3)
c(c(x)) x (4)

1.1.1 Rule Removal

Using the linear polynomial interpretation over the naturals
[b(x1)] = 1 · x1 + 0
[a(x1)] = 1 · x1 + 1
[c(x1)] = 1 · x1 + 0
all of the following rules can be deleted.
a(x) x (1)

1.1.1.1 Rule Removal

Using the linear polynomial interpretation over the naturals
[b(x1)] = 4 · x1 + 4
[c(x1)] = 2 · x1 + 4
all of the following rules can be deleted.
c(c(x)) x (4)

1.1.1.1.1 Rule Removal

Using the linear polynomial interpretation over the naturals
[b(x1)] = 4 · x1 + 1
[c(x1)] = 4 · x1 + 0
all of the following rules can be deleted.
b(x) c(x) (3)

1.1.1.1.1.1 R is empty

There are no rules in the TRS. Hence, it is terminating.